Chains for Wood-based Panel Equipment

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Wood Based Panel Equipment Chains - P40 and P100F Conveyor Chains for Plywood, Particleboard and Fibreboard Lines

A panel line chain moves a heavy, abrasive load over a long distance, and it is not the same job as a general conveyor. Two sizes are covered here. The P40 runs a 40.0 mm pitch and weighs 10.67 kg/m, which makes it the heavy option. The P100F270GK and P100F178 run a 100.0 mm pitch at 4.60 and 4.00 kg/m, the lighter pair for the sections where the chain mainly has to track and carry. Between them they cover plywood, particleboard and fibreboard equipment, and the three tables below give the chain dimensions, the attachment dimensions and the tensile rating for each.

Two pitches in the range: 40.0 mm on the P40, and 100.0 mm on the P100F270GK and the P100F178.

Tensile strength 90.0 kN / 20250 lbf on the P40 and 98.0 kN / 22030 lbf on both P100F chains.

Weight per metre 10.67 kg/m on the P40 against 4.60 and 4.00 kg/m on the 100.0 mm pitch pair.

Bush diameter 20.0 mm on the P40 and 18.0 mm on the P100F chains.

Plate thickness quoted as 5.0 mm on every row in the range.

The P40 attachment dimensions are given on a second table of their own.

Both P100F rows state a d4 attachment hole of M10.

Specified for plywood, particleboard and fibreboard production equipment.

P40 - 40.0 mm pitch, 90.0 kN / 20250 lbf. The heavy chain of the range. Bush diameter 20.0 mm, width between the inner plates 25.0 mm, pin diameter 14.0 mm, pin length 73.0 mm, plate depth 53.0 mm and plate thickness 5.0 mm, at 10.67 kg/m.

P100F270GK and P100F178 - 100.0 mm pitch. The long pitch pair. Both carry an 18.0 mm bush, a 22.0 mm width, a 12.0 mm pin and a 5.0 mm plate, and both state an M10 attachment hole. They differ in plate depth and pin length, and in weight: the P100F270GK is 4.60 kg/m against 4.00 kg/m on the P100F178.

The weight column reads backwards at first glance. The P40 runs the shorter pitch, 40.0 mm, and yet weighs 10.67 kg/m, while the P100F pair at 100.0 mm pitch weigh 4.60 and 4.00 kg/m. The answer is that weight is given per metre rather than per link. At 40.0 mm pitch a metre of conveyor holds 25 links, each with a 20.0 mm bush; at 100.0 mm pitch it holds ten, each with an 18.0 mm bush.

That difference is worth understanding before choosing, because it changes what the machine has to do. The heavier chain puts more load on the sprocket bearings and needs more take-up force, but it also presents far more bearing surface for every metre of conveyor, which is what a heavily loaded press or dryer section asks for. The 100.0 mm pitch pair is the lighter option, and it suits the sections where the chain mainly has to track straight and carry.

The P40 has a table to itself for its attachment dimensions, because they do not fit the main table. G is 42.0 mm, L1 is 75.0 mm, h2 is 38.0 mm, d5 is 28.0 mm and t is 4.0 mm. Anyone specifying a P40 needs both tables, since the attachment is what couples the chain to the panel or the slat it carries.

Both P100F rows share a single attachment entry instead of a set: d4 is quoted as M10, which is a threaded hole in the plate rather than a fitted pin or bush. Where the line uses bolt-on flights or carriers, that is the figure to check first, because an M10 hole fixes the bolt size and therefore the fitting that will go on it.

Plate depth deserves the same care. It is 53.0 mm on the P40, 35.0 mm on the P100F270GK and 30.0 mm on the P100F178, so the two 100.0 mm pitch chains are not a straight swap even though they share a pitch: the shallower plate runs out of material sooner, and it is that figure rather than the pitch that decides how much wear the chain can absorb.

Set the chain to the sag figure given in the machine manual and check it again after the first shift, because a new bush chain beds in and takes up slack. A panel line is usually long and has more than one take-up point, so tension it progressively along the run rather than pulling it up hard at one end.

Wood dust is abrasive, and on this duty it is the reason a chain is retired far more often than load failure is. Keep the joints lubricated through the dust-loaded sections, and inspect the bush and pin for play at every service rather than waiting for elongation to appear at the drive end.

Measure plate depth as well as elongation. A chain whose plates have worn shallow is close to riding up on the sprocket teeth even while its elongation still looks acceptable, and on a 5.0 mm plate there is less material to give up than the weight per metre suggests.

The tables follow drawing convention on limits: the bush, pin and pin-length figures are upper limits, the width between the inner plates is a lower limit, and plate depth and thickness are upper limits as well. Tensile strength is a minimum figure in kN with the pound-force equivalent beside it.

Plate thickness is 5.0 mm on every row in these three tables, which is convenient for a specification: bush diameter, pin diameter, plate depth and tensile rating can be compared between rows without first checking that the plate section is the same.

A chain on a panel line is usually bought as a replacement for a machine that is already running, so what matters is that the figures needed to reorder all sit together. Pitch, bush diameter, width, pin size, plate depth, attachment hole and tensile rating are on one page for both sizes.

Where the attachment is what actually locates the chain on the line, the P40 attachment table is given separately rather than left to a drawing, and the P100F rows state the M10 hole directly.

What is the difference between the P40 and the P100F chains?
Pitch and duty. The P40 is the 40.0 mm pitch size at 10.67 kg/m, so it is the heavier chain for every metre of conveyor. The P100F pair takes the longer pitch and comes out at 4.60 and 4.00 kg/m.

Why does the shorter pitch chain weigh more?
Because weight is quoted per metre. At 40.0 mm pitch a metre holds 25 links against ten at 100.0 mm pitch, and each P40 link carries a 20.0 mm bush against an 18.0 mm bush on the P100F.

Why are there two tables for the P40?
The first gives its chain dimensions and tensile rating, the second its attachment dimensions: G 42.0 mm, L1 75.0 mm, h2 38.0 mm, d5 28.0 mm and t 4.0 mm. Both are needed to specify the chain.

What does the M10 entry in the P100F table mean?
It is the attachment hole. d4 is quoted as M10, a threaded hole in the plate rather than a fitted pin, which fixes the bolt size for any carrier or flight bolted to the chain.

What is the tensile strength of these chains?
90.0 kN / 20250 lbf on the P40, and 98.0 kN / 22030 lbf on both the P100F270GK and the P100F178.

Are the P100F270GK and P100F178 interchangeable?
They share the 100.0 mm pitch, bush diameter, width, plate thickness and tensile figure, but the plate depth is 35.0 mm against 30.0 mm and the pin length is 60.0 mm against 54.0 mm, so check both against the sprocket and the take-up before swapping them.

A panel line chain is nearly always ordered as a replacement, so the machine matters as much as the part. Send the chain number, or the pitch together with the plate depth and the attachment hole, and say which section of the line it runs on. A photograph of the old chain beside a ruler settles the pitch and the plate form, and the reply will carry the weight per metre and a price.

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